Aamir Khan's Dangal co-star Suhani Bhatnagar death: How dangerous can dermatomyositis get | Explained

The recent demise of Aamir Khan's 'Dangal' co-star Suhani Bhatnagar has brought attention to the rare autoimmune disease, Dermatomyositis, shedding light on its complexity and challenges in diagnosis and management. Diagnosis of the disease is the most difficult bit.

Dr Anup Rawool, Associate Director, Medical Genetics and Head, Scientific and Medical Affairs, MedGenome explains, “Dermatomyositis, a group of autoimmune diseases, is characterised by muscle inflammation, skin rash, and potential organ involvement. While recent research suggests underlying genetic factors, triggers such as drugs, infections, or malignancies can instigate its onset.”

Varying symptoms of dermatomyositis

Talking about the symptoms of dermatomyositis, Dr Anup Rawool says, “The symptoms of dermatomyositis vary widely, from muscle weakness to skin rashes and systemic complications, making diagnosis and treatment a complex endeavor.”

Diagnosis of the disease is the trickiest part.  “Specific investigations, including muscle enzyme levels and antibody testing, alongside clinical consultation with an expert immunologist and biopsies, are essential for accurate diagnosis. Management of dermatomyositis requires a multidisciplinary approach, typically under the guidance of immunologists,” adds Dr Anup Rawool.

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Why it is difficult to detect Dermatomyositis?

Dermatomyositis is a rare autoimmune condition that targets the skin and muscles, leading to muscle weakness and a distinctive skin rash. While the precise origins remain unclear, experts suspect that a mix of genetic and environmental influences prompts the immune system to mistakenly attack healthy tissues.

Dr. Rinky Kapoor, Consultant Dermatologist, The Esthetic Clinic, Mumbai says, "One of the lesser-known autoimmune conditions, dermatomyositis can be a challenging diagnosis for both patients and healthcare providers. The impact of muscle weakness and skin changes can significantly affect a person's quality of life, often requiring a multi-disciplinary approach to management. Research into the underlying mechanisms of dermatomyositis is ongoing, shedding light on potential new treatment options and targeted therapies that could improve outcomes for those living with this condition. As the symptoms of dermatomyositis can vary widely from person to person, personalized care plans are crucial in effectively managing this complex disease."

The emotional toll of living with a chronic illness like dermatomyositis should not be overlooked, highlighting the importance of holistic support that addresses both physical and mental well-being. By raising awareness about dermatomyositis, it is possible to take steps toward improving care for individuals facing this rare but impactful autoimmune disorder. The process of diagnosing usually includes a mix of clinical assessment, blood tests to identify muscle enzyme levels and specific antibodies linked to the condition, electromyography (EMG) for evaluating muscle function, imaging techniques like MRI or CT scans, and occasionally a muscle biopsy to analyze tissue for distinctive alterations.

Treatment for Dermatomyositis

Treatment involves addressing systemic manifestations with corticosteroids or immunosuppressive agents and implementing skin care measures to mitigate sun exposure.

Talking about the challenges of the disease, Dr Anup Rawool says, “Despite advancements, Dermatomyositis remains a challenging condition, necessitating continued research, improved diagnostic tools, and tailored treatment strategies to enhance patient outcomes and quality of life. Increased awareness, early detection, and comprehensive care are crucial steps in tackling this debilitating disease.”