Juno spacecraft by Nasa set to make fifth flyby over the cloudtops of Jupiter

Nasa said its Juno spacecraft will make its fifth flyby over Jupiter's mysterious cloud tops on Monday. At the time of closest approach, Juno will be about 4,400 km above the planet's cloud tops, moving at a speed of about 57.8 km per second relative to the gas-giant planet. All of Juno's eight science instruments will be on and collecting data during the flyby."This will be our fourth science pass — the fifth close flyby of Jupiter of the mission — and we're excited to see what new discoveries Juno will reveal," said Scott Bolton, Principal Investigator of Juno from the Southwest Research Institute in San Antonio, US. "Every time we get near Jupiter's cloud tops, we learn new insights that help us understand this amazing giant planet," Bolton said in a statement.Launched on August 5, 2011, from Cape Canaveral, Florida, Juno arrived in orbit around Jupiter on July 4, 2016. During its mission of exploration, Juno soars low over the planet's cloud tops. During these flybys, Juno probes beneath the obscuring cloud cover of Jupiter and studying its auroras to learn more about the planet's origins, structure, atmosphere and magnetosphere.The Juno science team continues to analyse returns from previous flybys. Scientists have discovered that Jupiter's magnetic fields are more complicated than originally thought, and that the belts and zones that give the planet's cloud tops their distinctive look extend deep into the its interior. Observations of the energetic particles that create the incandescent auroras suggest a complicated current system involving charged material lofted from volcanoes on Jupiter's moon Io.Peer-reviewed papers with more in-depth science results from Juno's first flybys are expected to be published within the next few months, Nasa said.