Swearing boosts performance, helps you 'go for a little more': Study

Swearing may be more than a social faux pas. Emerging research suggests that dropping an expletive could actually enhance physical performance, improve focus, and help people push themselves a bit further during demanding tasks.

A study led by Dr Richard Stephens, a psychologist at Keele University, indicates that swearing lowers inhibitions and allows individuals to achieve better results, particularly in physically challenging situations.

The science behind the swear

The study, published in American Psychologist, involved 192 participants performing chair pushups while repeating either a swearword of their choice or a neutral word every two seconds. Results showed that those who swore were able to maintain the exercise for 11% longer than those using neutral language. Participants also reported increased self-confidence, enhanced psychological flow, and reduced distraction during the task.

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Contrary to earlier hypotheses suggesting a "fight or flight" response, researchers found that swearing did not significantly raise heart rates or other physiological stress markers. Instead, it seems to function through a process of disinhibition, enabling individuals to break free from self-imposed social and mental constraints.

“Swearing is literally a calorie-neutral, drug-free, low-cost, readily available tool at our disposal for when we need a boost in performance,” Stephens said.

Why swearing works

Psychologists believe the power of swearwords lies in their taboo nature. Using language that is culturally or socially restricted triggers mental engagement and helps redirect attention from limitations or fear of failure. Previous studies have also shown that swearing can improve pain tolerance and endurance, whether cycling at maximum effort or holding a hand in icy water.

Researchers are now exploring whether stronger or more offensive language produces greater physical gains, testing participants in controlled "dose-response" scenarios. Beyond physical performance, Stephens suggests the confidence boost from swearing could extend to other high-pressure contexts, such as public speaking, sports, or social interactions, where hesitation can impede success.

Practical implications and cautions

While the findings may encourage a reconsideration of swearing as a performance tool, experts caution that context matters. Using expletives inappropriately could result in social backlash or professional consequences. “You have to know your audience and who is around. You could land yourself in hot water if you swear inappropriately,” Stephens warned.

Nonetheless, this research highlights a low-cost, accessible method to enhance focus and performance, offering a surprising twist to traditional motivational techniques. In a world increasingly focused on optimising physical and mental output, swearing—when used judiciously might provide an unconventional edge.

The study reinforces a broader understanding of how psychological states influence physical performance. By lowering inhibitions and boosting confidence, swearing could serve as a simple yet effective tool for those looking to overcome mental and physical barriers. While societal norms may frown on expletives, science suggests that, in the right setting, letting a few slip might just help people go for a little more.